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Imagine that our Sun is the size of a one grain of sand. In fact, our Sun is just one of multitude of Stars. It's surrounded by over 200 billion Stars in our Milky Way Galaxy. It's just a speck in a vast beach of Stars. Milky Way Galaxy is just one of 100 billion Galaxies scattered in the Universe. It is estimated that there are more Stars in the Universe than are grains of sand on all the beaches in all the world... The occurrence of the Sun took place so that one or more of Supernova should happen close to where our Star is formed. The shock wave from a nearby Supernova would trigger the creation of the Star by compression substances in the molecular cloud, generating the particular region to collapse under it's own gravity. As one part of the cloud collapsed, also started to turn to because to conserve angular momentum and heating under increasing pressure. Much of the mass has become concentrated in the center. The rest is remained flattened out in the disc, from whi...

Planet is a celestial body that is moving in an elliptical path around the Sun. We consider only the major mass orbiting around the ecliptic plane and around them can circulate smaller bodies called Moon or natural satellites. There is a possibility that some bodies can bounce out from orbit in space. As a matter of fact, they do not have their own source of energy like the Sun. After all, in their interior there is no nuclear fusion. These are usually rocky terrestrial Planets that have a solid planetary surfaces (close to the Sun) and are composed of a central metallic core, mostly iron and silicate rocks. Of course, substantially differ from larger gas giant Planets. Consisting mainly of some combination of hydrogen, helium and water existing in various physical states. Structures on the Planet Terrestrial Planets may have canyons, craters, mountains, volcanoes and other surface structures. In fact, it depending on the tectonic activity and the presence of water. They have a ...

Asteroid is a metal or stone celestial body. Diameter is greater than one meter up to 1.000 kilometers. Some of them, individually or in groups of similar body, moves around the Sun. Most of them goes around the Sun in the main Asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Part of Asteroid approaches the Sun closer than Mars and Earth. In the orbit of Jupiter or other Planets is also part of the movement. Many are usually irregularly shaped and smaller than the Planet. They are formed from the remnants of the protoplanetary material. That material has not merged with Planets during the creation of the Solar System from the protoplanetary disk. Most often circling the Sun on their own path or as Moons of larger Planets. Some of them are bound by gravity forces with the Planets, in groups orbiting the Planet's orbit. They may be divided on carbon (about 75%, include dark carbon compounds), metal (about 8%) and silicate (about 17%). Asteroid and Comet as small celestial body Comet is...

Solar System consists of the Sun and small celestial bodies. The first Planet to the Sun is Mercury and further order is Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and "Pluto". The system consists of the 150 natural satellite (circling the Planets). Also, many small bodies such as comets, planetoids, bodies of Kuiper belt, meteoroids and interplanetary dust. The entire system gathers common gravitational force and the physical condition is determined with the solar energy radiation. Solar plasma fills the heliosphere. Gravitational influence spreads to areas of the comets Oort cloud. Cloud is closer than neighboring stars. The Planets were divided into two groups. First group is internal, where the Earth and it's similar three Planets Mercury, Venus and Mars. Second group is external, with Jupiter and it's similar giant Planets Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Internal is a group of rocky, with a thin atmospheric layer, without which is only Mercury. The outer...

Nebula is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases. It is the name for any diffuse astronomical object, including Galaxies beyond the Milky Way. For instance, the Andromeda Galaxy, also called the Andromeda Nebula. Most of them are huge in size, hundreds of light years in diameter, denser than the space that surrounds them. These are often regions of Star formation such as the Pillars Of Creation in the Eagle Nebula. In these regions there is a gas, dust and other materials that are collected together and form larger masses. That attract additional material and eventually become massive enough. In the middle of the gravitational collapse of gas forming Nebulas and Stars. Remaining materials form the Planets and other objects of planetary systems. Some are formed as a result of Supernova explosions. In fact, the death of massive short lived Star. The ejected material from the Supernova explosion are ionized by the energy and created the compact object. ...

Black Hole is black… This is why it's difficult to detect. They can be detected when they suck matter, because then develops a lot of energy. Black Hole is a geometrically defined region of space and time. That has such a strong gravitational effects, warps space and time, that nothing (including particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light) can escape from the inside. For instance, the border region from which no escape is called the event horizon. Matter falling into the hole. It forms a disk that is heated by friction and so they are the most brightest forms in the Universe. If there are stars that orbit the hole then their paths can be used to determine the mass and location. Still little is known about Black Holes. New findings have shown that in the center of our Galaxy “Milky Way” there is a hole that actually spins the Galaxy. In fact, we call it a supermassive Black Hole. There are various kinds of holes, from supermassive to small. It is proved that the rotati...

Galaxy is a massive system composed of stars, gas and dust (interstellar matter) and dark matter that is held together by gravity. Still not enough is known about dark matter, but it seems that accounts for 90% of the mass of most Galaxies. It is assumed that in the visible Universe is about 100 billion Galaxies. They can be a spiral, elliptical and irregular. A common form is the elliptical with a slender elliptical profile, a spiral is in the form of discs with curved arms and there are irregular of unusual shapes and they typically result from the termination caused by the gravitational attraction of neighboring Galaxies. Such interaction can eventually growing into a merge, encourage episodes significantly increased Star formation and produce what is called a starburst Galaxy. Small that don’t have the associated structures are also called irregular. Galaxy has a range in size from dwarfs with thousands of Stars to giant with 100 trillion Stars, all of them moving in orbits arou...

Vacuum ... What is nothing? This is a question that is very difficult to answer! If you look around, always seems to be something there, but if we try to create nothing and even if you closed a small area and remove all inside it, including the air, what would have remained in the area? Would it really be nothing?   In Universe are vast expanse of emptiness and the atoms of the physical world around us consists mostly of emptiness. After years and years of scientific research, it was concluded that the empty space are far from empty. Actually empty space is full of things. In classical physics it was an empty space without matter or physical fields. In modern quantum field theory, vacuum is filled with quantum fluctuations. This means that a very tiny invisible particles are constantly being created in empty space all around us and just as quickly disappear.  Vacuum after Big Bang After the Big Bang the Universe began to really expand, including matter that it conta...

Big Bang theory is a really big idea. Why is dark outside at night? If the Universe was static the sky above it should be glowing of light because each light in the Universe have time to reach us. But it’s not like that. It’s dark outside, which means that the whole Universe started from a single point, 13.8 billion years ago. Big Bang theory explains that the Universe expanded from a state of very high density and temperature. Specifically through a singularity, quantum fluctuation and inflation – exponential expansion of the Universe. Light travels at the speed of 299.792.458 meters per second. Because of the great distances some light can’t reach us. That is because the Universe is expanding and accelerating, Galaxies are more and more away from each other.   Edwin Hubble confirms Big Bang theory In the year 1929., Edwin Hubble is using a telescope and examining the relationship between distance and redshift Galaxies. Combining their measurements of galactic distances...

Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) spacecraft which measures differences across the sky in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background. This is radiation of heat that is left from the Big Bang, the oldest light in the Universe. The aircraft is recorded a map in every direction from year 2001. to 2010. It’s goal was to find out what is made of, what is his shape and age. The conclusion is that the Big Bang began with a quantum fluctuations and inflation. It has spread in the first trillion seconds (less than the blink of an eye) and it’s shape is flat and age is 13.8 billion years old. The Big Bang created space and time. The initial space pervaded by a certain amount of energy and matter through a process called nucleosynthesis. It was completed after 20 minutes after the Big Bang. When it's cooled enough and nuclear fusion stopped there was a hot plasma of matter or a gigantic cloud like fog. Composed of the elements hydrogen and helium and began to...